Flocking is the application of small finely cut natural or synthetic fibres to an adhesive coated surface to give a velvet-like texture. Flocking is used in a variety of applications for both decorative and functional reasons. Examples include t-shirts, gift and jewellery boxes, wallpaper, trophies and automotive plastics. In addition, flocking is often used to create realistic textures such as grass on model cars or snow on Christmas trees. The process is also used in the manufacture of scented candles, and it may be applied to fabrics or leather for added softness.

The most common method of flocking is the electrostatic method. In this technique the flocking material is charged and then dispensed onto the substrate with a spray gun similar to that used for applying paint. The substrate is then vibrated to promote fibre penetration and imbedment. The electrical field can be varied to control speed, density and thickness of the flock coating. This type of flocking is generally considered to be the most effective and economic.

However, it is not without its problems. For example, the flocking fibres are very sensitive to temperature and humidity conditions, and the relative humidity of the production area needs to be maintained within a narrow range. The slightest change in humidity or temperature can cause the fibres to lose their charge or become sticky. This makes the use of electrostatic flocking problematic when producing large runs or when using a high number of different colours.

Another problem is that flocking can leave a sticky residue on the printed substrate. This is not only difficult to clean, but it can result in poor adhesion and premature peeling of the print. It is therefore important to make sure that the flocking operation is performed in a dry environment.

The resurgence of interest in flocking has been partly fuelled by the desire for printers to produce unique and creative effects. This has coincided with the growing interest in multi-agent cooperative behaviour, which can be seen in a wide range of biological and mechanical systems such as flocking of birds, schooling of fish or swarming of bacteria. There is also increasing interest in the application of multi-agent algorithms to control complex systems such as robots and industrial processes.

Add a touch of magic to your wardrobe with these gorgeous tights. The sheer shaper tights feature polka dot details made in flock, adding an elegant and fashion-forward look to your outfit. The flocked dots elevate this pair from plain to princess-worthy and can be worn for formal occasions as well as casual wear. The tights are crafted from a black shaper brief with flocked (raised) polka dots from ankle to thigh and have a siliconeized waistband for a comfortable fit.